Cristiano Ronaldo, the captain of Portugal, scored the game-winning goal in extra time to defeat Iceland and make history by becoming the first male player to reach 200 caps.
Goncalo Inacio's header was turned in by the 38-year-old from close range.
The video assistance referee later overturned the goal after being initially disallowed due to an Inacio offside.
With that goal, Ronaldo broke the global record for most international goals with 123.
Ronaldo of Al-Nassr broke Bader Al-Mutawa of Kuwait's 196-cap record in March, and he received a certificate from Guinness World Records prior to kickoff to commemorate this most recent achievement.
"For me it's an unbelievable achievement, it's amazing," he said after the match. "And, of course to score the winning goal, it's even more special.
"We didn't play so well but sometimes football is like that but we scored a goal and, in my opinion, we deserved it. I'm so happy because of 200 caps, but this is even more special."
Having made his international debut in 2003, Ronaldo has been playing for Portugal for 20 years and is still a regular despite moving to Saudi Arabia from Europe following the World Cup.
The attacker has won the Ballon d'Or five times, having previously played for Sporting Lisbon, Manchester United, Real Madrid, and Juventus.
Portugal has now won four straight games thanks to his sixth goal of the Euro 2024 qualifying campaign.
With 10 minutes remaining, Willum Willumsson, who has only ever won once, was dismissed for receiving two bookings.